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[目的]了解武汉市5岁以下儿童维生素A营养状况及其影响因素,为制定相应干预措施提供依据。[方法]分层整群抽取武汉市5个中心城区和2个远城区的1270名0～5岁儿童进行问卷调查和血清维生素A含量测定。[结果]5岁以下儿童血清维生素A水平为(1.87±0.77)μmol/L。亚临床维生素A缺乏症发生率为3.39%,可疑亚临床维生素A缺乏症发生率为7.32%。维生素A缺乏在各年龄组之间有统计学差异,性别之间差异无统计学意义。母亲文化程度、家庭人均收入、近1周食用乳、蛋等、近1月服用维生素A制剂、2周内患呼吸系统疾病和腹泻是亚临床维生素A缺乏的影响因素。[结论]亚临床维生素A缺乏是5岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏的主要表现形式,建议将亚临床维生素A缺乏的预防和干预纳入儿童保健工作常规。
[Objective] To understand the nutritional status of vitamin A in children under 5 years old in Wuhan and its influencing factors, and to provide the basis for formulating the corresponding interventions. [Method] A total of 1270 children aged 0 ~ 5 years from 5 central urban areas and 2 remote urban areas of Wuhan City were stratified and clustered for questionnaire survey and serum vitamin A content determination. [Results] The level of serum vitamin A in children under 5 years old was (1.87 ± 0.77) μmol / L. The incidence of subclinical vitamin A deficiency was 3.39%, and the incidence of suspected subclinical vitamin A deficiency was 7.32%. Vitamin A deficiency in all age groups were statistically significant differences between the sexes was not statistically significant. Mother’s education level, average per capita income of the family, consumption of milk and eggs in the past week, taking vitamin A preparations in the past January and suffering from respiratory diseases and diarrhea in 2 weeks were the influencing factors of subclinical vitamin A deficiency. [Conclusion] The lack of subclinical vitamin A is the main manifestation of vitamin A deficiency in children under 5 years old. It is suggested that the prevention and intervention of subclinical vitamin A deficiency should be included in child health routine.