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目的了解北京市城区和郊区中小学生家庭钠盐摄入量与相关知识行为情况,为制定相关的减盐策略和措施提供依据。方法方便选择北京市城区和郊区小学、初中各2所,整群抽取其中三~五年级小学生和七~八年级初中生,对愿意配合的903户学生家庭采用“家庭1周钠盐摄入估算法”测定钠盐摄入量,同时调查学生家长(常做饭的)钠盐相关知识和行为。结果北京市城区和郊区中小学生家庭的钠盐摄入量为(12.5±7.8)g/标准人日,在外就餐的摄入量高达(16.5±11.1)g/标准人日。家长(常做饭的)钠盐摄入相关知识行为总得分平均为(30.0±19.0)分。控制了地区、家长文化程度、2010年家庭年均总收入因素后,在家钠盐摄入量与知识行为总得分、行为得分和使用低钠盐得分呈负相关,回归系数分别为-0.030,-0.017,-0.017。结论北京市城区和郊区中小学生家庭的钠盐摄入量仍很高。普及减盐相关知识和技能、推广低钠盐、控制餐饮行业钠盐使用的社会活动或政策将是解决居民钠盐摄入过多的有效途径。
Objective To understand the family sodium intake and related knowledge and behavior of the urban and suburban primary and secondary school students in Beijing, and to provide the basis for formulating the relevant salt reduction strategies and measures. Methods Convenient selection of Beijing urban and suburban primary and secondary schools each of two, the cluster of three to five grade pupils and seven to eight grade junior high school students, willing to cooperate with 903 families of students using “family 1 week sodium intake Estimation ”Determination of sodium intake, while investigating the parents (often cooking) of sodium-related knowledge and behavior. Results The sodium intake of primary and secondary school students in urban and suburban areas of Beijing was (12.5 ± 7.8) g / standard person day, while the intake of meal outside the school was as high as (16.5 ± 11.1) g / standard person day. The parents’ (often cooking) sodium salt intake related knowledge and behavior of the average score of (30.0 ± 19.0) points. After controlling the education level, parents’ educational level and the annual average family income in 2010, the intake of sodium in the home was negatively correlated with the total score of knowledge behavior, behavioral score and the use of low sodium salt, the regression coefficients were -0.030, 0.017, -0.017. Conclusion The sodium intake of primary and secondary school students in urban areas and suburbs in Beijing is still high. To popularize knowledge and skills related to salt reduction, to promote low-sodium salts and to control the social activities or policies of sodium use in the catering industry will be an effective way to solve the problem of excessive sodium intake by residents.