一、雷电成因及雷击效应雷电是空中带有电荷的云块放电引起的自然现象。由于自然界某些环境条件的影响，会在空中积聚起乌黑色的、带有电荷的云块，称为雷云，当雷云所带电荷使空中的电场强度达到（25～30）kV／cm时，开始引起空气中分子的电离，最后发展至击穿空气的绝缘，正 First, the cause of lightning and lightning effects Thunder and lightning is the sky with a charge of clouds caused by the natural phenomenon of discharge. Owing to the influence of some environmental conditions in nature, black-black charged clouds are accumulated in the sky called thunderclouds. When the electric charge brought by the thunderclouds reaches the level of (25-30) kV / cm When, began to cause ionization of air molecules, and finally to the breakdown of air insulation, is