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目的分析新疆某三甲综合医院出院患者新发恶性肿瘤病例的构成及分布情况,为肿瘤防控工作及卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法对2005年-2014年十年间新发恶性肿瘤病例的年龄、性别、民族、疾病构成及顺位等流行病学特征进行统计分析。结果新疆某三甲医院2005年-2014年新发恶性肿瘤病例26 008例,占全部出院患者的3.37%;疾病构成前3位的恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、胃癌和食管癌;新发恶性肿瘤病例集中在40岁以上人群;男女性别比为1.26:1;民族分布主要为汉族、维吾尔族、回族和哈萨克族。结论恶性肿瘤发病集中在中老年人群,肺癌位居首位,应控制环境污染,加强健康教育,增强人群自我保健意识,改变不良生活习惯,防治结合。
Objective To analyze the composition and distribution of newly diagnosed malignant neoplasms in a general hospital of a triad in Xinjiang and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of cancer and the allocation of health resources. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of age, gender, ethnicity, disease constitution and overall status of newly diagnosed malignant tumor in the decade of 2005-2014. Results A total of 26 008 newly diagnosed cases of malignant neoplasm were found in a top three hospital in Xinjiang in 2005-2014, accounting for 3.37% of all discharged patients. The top three malignant neoplasms were lung cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer in turn. Neo-malignant neoplasms were concentrated People over the age of 40; sex ratio for men and women 1.26: 1; ethnic distribution mainly Han, Uighur, Hui and Kazak. Conclusion The incidence of malignant tumors is concentrated in the middle-aged and elderly population. Lung cancer ranks the first place. Environmental pollution should be controlled, health education should be strengthened, people’s self-care awareness should be enhanced, bad habits should be changed, and prevention and treatment should be combined.