公开是对利益冲突进行控制时最常用和最先采用的措施。然而研究表明,鲜有科学家公开承认其处于利益冲突状态。之所以如此,既因为利益冲突公开政策本身存在问题,也因为科学家对自己的利益冲突实际上毫无察觉。深化对利益冲突公开本身的认识、对科学家进行相关教育和制定科学合理的政策措施,是充分发挥公开作用的必要措施。 Disclosure is the most common and first-used measure in controlling conflicts of interest. However, research shows that few scientists openly admit that they are in a state of conflict of interest. This is true because there are problems with the open policy itself because of conflicts of interest, and because scientists are not aware of their own conflicts of interest. Deepening awareness of the public interest conflicts themselves, educating scientists and formulating scientific and rational policies and measures are necessary measures for giving full play to their openness.