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大豆植株的生育时期,对大豆花叶病的发展程度和危害性,有明显的影响。单叶期最感病,抗性随着生育年龄的增长而提高,单叶期潜育期最短、发病率最高,危害性最大。开花、结荚期后感病,对植株生长影响不大,黑龙江省大豆田出现的蚜虫中,大豆蚜、桃蚜、玉米蚜、棉蚜均能传播SMV,蚜虫最早出现于6月上中旬,高蜂为7月中下旬,大豆花叶病田间传播主要发生在7月中旬以后,8月为传播盛期,观察圃病害传播初期,病株有明显的梯降分布。与对照区呈鲜明对比,说明除早期形成的病苗外,没有其他的自源侵染,病害传播距离不远,多数在5—15米内,少有超过25米的,垅间和逆风向传播距离更短,种子带毒形成的病苗,在流行中起主导作用。蚜虫传播发生晚,主要引起种子斑驳。
Soybean plant growth period, the extent of the development of soybean mosaic disease and harmful effects have a significant impact. The most susceptible single leaf stage, resistance increased with the growth of childbearing age, the shortest single leaf stage incubation period, the highest incidence, the most harmful. Soybean aphid, Myzus persicae, Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii and Aphis gossypii all propagated SMV in aphids, which appeared in the soybean field in Heilongjiang Province. Aphids first appeared in mid-June and high in June Bees in late July, soybean mosaic transmission occurred mainly in the field after mid-July, August is the peak of the spread, early observation of nursery disease transmission, the diseased strains have obvious gradient distribution. In contrast with the control area, it shows that there is no other self-source infection besides the disease vaccine formed in the early stage. The disease spread not far away, mostly within 5-15 meters and rarely more than 25 meters. The shorter the distance, the formation of seed poisoning disease vaccine, play a leading role in the epidemic. Aphids spread late, mainly caused by mottled seeds.