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目的:了解甘肃省永靖县山区已婚育龄妇女生殖健康现状,为卫生、计划生育管理部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法:采取整群抽样的方法,抽取位于山区、经济条件较差、年人均收入低于700元的杨塔、徐顶、段岭三个乡镇的已婚育龄妇女作为研究对象。利用生殖健康档案卡记录资料,依个人采取的避孕节育措施,分为输卵管结扎、置器、其他方法(口服避孕药、避孕套)3组,进行统计分析。结果:在调查的2174名对象中,有1543人(70.98％)采取了输卵管结扎术节育,以宫内节育器(IUD)避孕者有608人(27.97％),而采用口服避孕药、避孕套等避孕者仅有23人(1.05％)。常规妇科检查,确诊患有妇科疾病的人数为1388人,平均患病率为63.85％。输卵管结扎、置器、其他方法3组患病率经统计学检验,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:永靖县已婚育龄妇女妇科疾病患病率较高,发病率与采取的节育措施无关。建议有关部门增加医疗卫生保健服务的投入;加强对农村医疗卫生及计划生育工作者的业务培训,开展优质服务;对育龄妇女加强生殖健康知识的宣传教育,提高其自我保健意识,促进生殖健康。
Objective: To understand the status of reproductive health of married women of childbearing age in mountainous area of Yongjing County, Gansu Province, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of policies by health and family planning departments. Methods: A cluster sampling method was adopted to select married women of childbearing age who were located in the three townships of Yangta, Xuding and Duanling with poor economic conditions and annual per capita income of less than 700 yuan. Records were made using the Reproductive Health Record Card. According to the contraceptive measures taken by individuals, they were divided into 3 groups: tubal ligation, placement, and other methods (oral contraceptives and condoms) for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 2174 subjects surveyed, 1543 (70.98%) had tubal ligation and 608 IUD contraception (27.97%), whereas oral contraceptives, condoms Only 23 people were contraceptives (1.05%). Routine gynecological examination, diagnosed with gynecological diseases, the number of 1388 people, the average prevalence was 63.85%. Tubal ligation, placement, other methods of the prevalence of the three groups by statistical tests, no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of gynecological diseases among married women of childbearing age in Yongjing County is high, and the incidence rate has nothing to do with the birth control measures taken. It is suggested that relevant departments should increase investment in medical and health care services; strengthen business training for rural medical and family planning workers and provide quality services; publicize and educate women of childbearing age on reproductive health knowledge, raise their awareness of self-care and promote reproductive health.