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目的:构建黄芩核心种质。方法:采用ISSR标记技术对不同来源地的40份黄芩种质资源的遗传多样性进行了分析,并依据最小遗传距离逐步抽样法构建了核心种质资源。结果:筛选出的15个多态性引物共扩增出248个位点,多态性位点比率达97.17%,平均Shannon信息指数(I)为0.4353,平均Nei′s基因多样性指数(H)为0.2819,等位基因数(NA)为1.9640,平均有效等位基因数(NE)为1.4617,表现出高的遗传多样性。聚类分析中种质间的遗传相似系数介于0.64~0.80之间,除个别种质外,40个种质聚类结果与地区来源有较高的一致性。随着抽取种质数目的减少,多态性比率降低明显,但核心种质的遗传多样性参数变化较小,Nei′s遗传多样指数和Shan-non′s信息指数还有所增加;抽样3构建的核心种质最具代表性,抽样数是抽样前的30%左右,多态位点比率是抽样前的96.8%,Nei′s遗传多样指数和Shannon′s信息指数等参数还有所增加。结论:基于ISSR分子标记技术构建黄芩核心种质的方法是可行的,可以作为进一步构建黄芩核心种质库的方法。
Objective: To construct Scutellaria core collection. Methods: The genetic diversity of 40 Scutellaria baicalensis germplasms from different origins was analyzed by ISSR markers, and the core germplasm resources were constructed based on the stepwise sampling based on the minimum genetic distance. Results: A total of 248 polymorphic loci were amplified with the selected 15 polymorphic primers, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 97.17%, the average Shannon information index (I) was 0.4353, the average Nei’s gene diversity index (H ) Was 0.2819, the number of alleles (NA) was 1.9640, the average number of effective alleles (NE) was 1.4617, showing high genetic diversity. The genetic similarity coefficients of the germplasms in the cluster analysis ranged from 0.64 to 0.80. Except individual germplasms, the 40 germplasm clustering results were highly consistent with the regional sources. With the decrease of the number of germplasm extracted, the rate of polymorphism decreased significantly, but the genetic diversity of core germplasm changed little, and the Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shan-non’s information index also increased. The core collection is the most representative, the number of samples is about 30% before sampling, the polymorphic locus ratio is 96.8% before sampling, Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shannon’s information index and other parameters have increased. Conclusion: It is feasible to construct the core collection of Scutellaria baicalensis based on the ISSR molecular marker technology, and it can be used as a method for further construction of Scutellaria core collection.