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本文运用RS和GIS,基于航空相片、地形图和遥感影像数据分析了近50a来黑河流域冰川资源变化特征。研究表明,1950s/1970s-2003年,该流域的335条冰川总面积缩小了29.6%,平均每条冰川缩小0.10km2,冰川末端平均后退258m,退缩比率达31.0%,且黑河干流以西的冰川面积缩小及末端退缩幅度均强于干流以东。分析认为,气温显著升高是黑河流域冰川快速萎缩的主导因素。与我国西部其它地区冰川变化相比,黑河流域冰川面积缩小幅度明显较大,且祁连山东、中、西段冰川变化存在显著的区域差异性,这是区域气候差异、冰川规模等因素综合作用的结果。
Based on aerial photos, topographic maps and remote sensing image data, this paper analyzes the characteristics of glacier resources in the Heihe River Basin in recent 50 years by using RS and GIS. The study shows that from 1950s / 1970s to 2003, the total glacier area of 335 glaciers has been reduced by 29.6%, with an average decrease of 0.10km2 per glacier, an average of 258m and a shrinkage rate of 31.0% at the end of the glacier, and the glacier area to the west of the Heihe River Shrinkage and the rate of terminal withdrawal are stronger than the east of the main stream. Analysis shows that the significant increase in temperature is the dominant factor in the rapid shrinkage of glaciers in the Heihe River Basin. Compared with glacier changes in other parts of western China, the glacier area in Heihe River shrank significantly, and there were significant regional differences in glacier changes in the eastern, central and western Qilian Mountains as a result of the combination of regional climate differences and glacier scale result.