独断与集议:个体决策与群体决策猴于具有群体性,一个猴群有一个猴王,它是按“强者为王”法则经过实力较量产生的,它对猴群行动有很大影响。人类为了生存,亦结为各种群体,人类群体的行为受决策的指导,决策者的作用更是举足轻重。在人类历史上,曾经有过帝王、诸候、英雄占据舞台,他们的权势、才能、性格、怪癖往往将历史引向偶然的途径,然而,这实质上正是一个被盲目性所支配的时代。今天,工业、科学、民主使历史更多地呈现出一种有序的状态,正是在这种有序状态中, Dictatorship and Settlement: Individual Decision-making and Group Decision-making Monkeys have a group nature. A monkeys monkey has a monkey king. It is produced through the contest of power according to the law of “strong monarch” and has a great influence on the monkey monster’s actions. In order to survive, human beings also become all kinds of groups. The behavior of human groups is guided by their decisions. The role of policy makers is even more important. In the history of mankind, there used to be emperors, dignitaries, and heroes. They dominated the stage. Their power, talent, character, and quirks often led history to an accidental route. However, this was essentially an era governed by blindness . Today, industry, science and democracy have given history more of an orderly state. It is precisely in this orderly state that,