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目的探讨不同种类膳食蛋白对血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的影响。方法 48只健康Wistar大鼠随机分为6组:酪蛋白组、乳清蛋白组、卵白蛋白组、大豆分离蛋白组、小麦蛋白组、玉米蛋白组。分别给予含有不同膳食蛋白的饲料喂养10 d后处死动物,采集血液样品,测定血浆中同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)及半胱氨酰甘氨酸(Cys-Gly)等指标的浓度。结果小麦蛋白组的体质量增长低于蛋白含量相同的酪蛋白组、乳清蛋白组、卵白蛋白组及大豆分离蛋白组,玉米蛋白组的体质量呈现负增长,且与其他各组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小麦蛋白组和玉米蛋白组血浆Hcy浓度低于其他蛋白组,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与酪蛋白组比较,乳清蛋白组的血浆Hcy浓度也有所降低。结论膳食蛋白的种类能够影响大鼠血浆中的Hcy水平,可能与蛋白中氨基酸组成有关。高Cys含量的膳食蛋白能提高促进Hcy代谢的酶活性,增加Hcy的代谢消耗,从而降低血浆中的Hcy水平。
Objective To investigate the effect of different kinds of dietary protein on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level. Methods Forty - eight healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: casein group, whey protein group, ovalbumin group, soy protein isolate group, wheat protein group and zein group. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after feeding diet containing different dietary proteins, and blood samples were collected for determination of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH) and cysteamine Acyl glycine (Cys-Gly) and other indicators of the concentration. Results The body weight gain of the wheat protein group was lower than that of the casein, whey, ovalbumin and soy protein isolate groups with the same protein content. The body weight of the corn protein group showed a negative growth, and there was statistical difference with other groups Significance (P <0.05). Plasma Hcy concentrations in wheat and zein groups were lower than those in other protein groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the casein group, the serum Hcy concentration of the whey protein group also decreased. Conclusion The type of dietary protein can affect the level of Hcy in rat plasma, which may be related to the amino acid composition of the protein. Dietary protein with high Cys content can improve the activity of enzymes that promote the metabolism of Hcy, increase the metabolic expenditure of Hcy, and reduce the plasma Hcy level.