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目的了解深圳市南山区伤害监测哨点医院流动儿童伤害病例的流行病学特征,为预防控制儿童伤害提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2015年因伤害首次在深圳市南山区伤害监测哨点医院急诊科就诊的0~18岁流动儿童病例资料,对发生的原因、地点、性质、意图、严重程度及结局等进行分析。结果 2011—2015年共报告流动儿童伤害病例11 806例,占总伤害病例数的5.7%,男、女童性别比为2.01∶1。伤害发生原因前4位分别为跌倒/坠落(52.0%)、钝器伤(18.5%)、动物伤(14.9%)、刀/锐器伤(7.3%);伤害发生地点前4位分别为家中(44.4%)、公共居住场所(21.0%)、学校与公共场所(16.4%)、公路/街道(10.2%);伤害性质前4位分别为挫伤(53.2%)、锐器伤(34.0%)、扭伤/拉伤(7.8%)、烧烫伤(2.4%)。不同年龄组儿童伤害原因、地点、性质构成差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为3.89,44.37,14.06,P值均<0.01)。伤害意图以非故意伤害为主(99.0%);伤害的严重程度以轻微的浅表伤(96.0%)为主;伤害结局中,处理后出院占96.1%。结论流动儿童伤害发生特点与性别、年龄密切相关。应采取多部门合作的方式,对不同年龄段儿童采取有针对性的干预措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of migrant children in Huishan Hospital of Nanshan District, Shenzhen and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of child injury. Methods The data of migrant children aged 0-18 years old who were admitted for treatment in the emergency department of NOSH in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen for the first time during 2011-2015 were collected to analyze the cause, location, nature, intent, severity and outcome . Results A total of 11 806 cases of mobile child injury were reported in 2011-2015, accounting for 5.7% of the total number of injuries and the sex ratio of boys and girls was 2.01:1. The first four injuries were caused by fall / fall (52.0%), blunt injury (18.5%), animal injury (14.9%) and knife / sharp injury (7.3%) respectively. (44.4%), public places of residence (21.0%), schools and public places (16.4%) and roads / streets (10.2%). The first four injuries were contusion (53.2% , Sprain / strain (7.8%), burns (2.4%). There were significant differences in the causes, locations and nature of injuries among children of different age groups (Z values were 3.89,44.37 and 14.06, P <0.01 respectively). The intention of injury was mainly unintentional injury (99.0%). The severity of injury was mainly mild superficial injury (96.0%). In the injury outcome, 96.1% of discharged patients were treated. Conclusion The characteristics of migrant children are closely related to sex and age. Multi-sectoral cooperation should be adopted to take targeted interventions for children of different ages.