目的了解重庆市合川区2007-2014年麻疹疫情的流行病学特征,为针对性的提出麻疹防控策略提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法研究重庆市合川区2007-2014年麻疹疫情资料。结果 8年内监测系统累计报告麻疹确诊病例489例,累计报告发病率为4.56/10万;2007年和2008年为麻疹的高发年份,年发病率分别为16.01/10万和8.37/10万,均为散发病例,无暴发病例报告;季节分析显示,全年各月份均有病例报告,但存在明显的季节性特征,其中以3~7月为麻疹的高发月份,5月为发病高峰;男女性别比为1.41∶1,男性发病数高于女性;年龄分布主要集中为小年龄组,但成人也有报告病例,报告病例年龄最小者为2月龄,最大年龄为46岁;接种史分析仅对2009-2014年的报告病例分析,其中无免疫史者17例,免疫史不详者56例,无免疫史或免疫史不详的病例占2009-2014年总病例的49%;有免疫史者70例,占2009-2014年总病例的51%;职业分析结果为,散居儿童160例,占总病例的33%,学生213例,占总病例的46%。结论重庆市合川区的麻疹疫情呈现明显的下降趋势,麻疹发病主要为散居儿童和学生。提高麻疹疫苗的接种率和免疫成功率是降低麻疹的发病率乃至消除麻疹的关键措施;现阶段麻疹控制应是加强计划免疫管理,调整免疫策略,完善监测系统,开展强化免疫活动。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles epidemics in Hechuan District of Chongqing Municipality from 2007 to 2014 and provide a theoretical basis for proposing measles prevention and control strategies. Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on measles epidemics in Hechuan District, Chongqing during 2007-2014. Results A total of 489 measles cases were reported in the monitoring system in 8 years. The cumulative incidence of measles cases was 4.56 / 100 000. The incidence rates of measles in 2007 and 2008 were 16.01 / lakh and 8.37 / lakh respectively, both of which were In order to disseminate the case, no case of outbreaks were reported. The seasonal analysis showed that cases were reported in all the months of the year, but there were obvious seasonal characteristics, of which 3 to 7 months were the high incidence of measles and the highest was in May; The odds ratio was 1.41: 1. The incidence of males was higher than that of females. The distribution of age mainly concentrated in the younger age group, but there were also reported cases in adults. The youngest age of the reported cases was 2 months and the maximum age was 46 years old. - Report of the 2014 case analysis, of which 17 cases had no history of immunization, 56 cases had unknown history of immunization, 49% of unknown cases without immunization history or immunization history in 2009-2014, 70 cases with immunization history, Accounting for 51% of the total cases from 2009 to 2014. Occupational analysis showed that there were 160 scattered children, accounting for 33% of the total cases and 213 students, accounting for 46% of the total cases. Conclusion The epidemic situation of measles in Hechuan District of Chongqing Municipality shows a clear downward trend. The incidence of measles is mainly for diaspora and students. To improve measles vaccination rate and success rate of immunization is the key measure to reduce the incidence of measles and even eliminate measles. At this stage, measles control should be to strengthen planned immunization management, adjust immunization strategy, improve monitoring system and carry out intensive immunization activities.