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宁夏地处我国大西北高原东部,其耕地资源在国家粮食保障和区内粮食安全、经济社会发展中具有重要地位,为西北干旱区的农业大区。为了促进宁夏耕地可持续利用,提高耕地的粮食和农产品生产能力,在宁夏耕地资源利用现状实地考察基础上,采用1991-2013年《宁夏农业统计年鉴》和宁夏历年国民经济和社会发展统计公报非农用地清查资料及第二次土壤普查资料,分析影响宁夏耕地高效利用的主要障碍因素和生产性问题-耕地面积减少、质量下降、干旱缺水、土壤盐渍化、水土流失、荒漠化、农业经营租放等,总结宁夏高效利用耕地,确保耕地资源数量基本稳定,质量逐步提高的经验,提出了优化土地利用结构和农业生产布局,节水保水高效用水、提高耕地综合生产能力等高效利用耕地的途径。可为宁夏高效利用耕地,确保粮食与农产品安全和农业综合发展提供科学决策依据,并为国内同类地区高效利用耕地提供参考。
Ningxia is located in the eastern part of the Great Northwest Plateau in China. Its cultivated land resources play an important role in the national food security, food security in the region and economic and social development. Ningxia is an agricultural region in the arid region of northwestern China. In order to promote the sustainable use of arable land in Ningxia and improve the production capacity of grain and agricultural products in arable land, based on the field investigation of the current situation of arable land utilization in Ningxia, this paper uses the Ningxia Agricultural Statistical Yearbook 1991-19913 and the Statistical Bulletin of National Economy and Social Development in Ningxia Agricultural land inventory data and the second soil census data to analyze the main obstacles and productive issues that affect the efficient use of cultivated land in Ningxia - reducing cultivated land area, decreasing quality, drought and water shortage, soil salinization, soil erosion, desertification, agricultural management Renting and so on, summarizes the efficient use of arable land in Ningxia to ensure that the amount of arable land is basically stable and the quality of the gradual improvement of the experience put forward to optimize the land use structure and agricultural production layout, water and water efficient use of water, improve the comprehensive productive capacity of cultivated land and efficient use of arable land way. It can provide a scientific basis for making efficient use of arable land in Ningxia, ensuring the safety of food and agricultural products and comprehensive agricultural development, and providing references for the efficient use of arable land in similar areas in China.