,Modernization of International Humanitarian Law— The Origins and Evolution of the 1977 Additional P

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Regional wars and inteal armed conflicts after the conclusion of the 1949 Geneva Conventions have presented new challenges to traditional inteational humanitarian law. To address those challenges, the inteational community concluded two addi-tional protocols in 1977 to the 1949 Geneva Conventions. Those two protocols have unified the Hague Rules and the Geneva Rules in the realm of traditional laws on wars, improved the protection of civilians, expanded the concept of armed conflicts and combatants, and devel-oped special treaties applicable to non-inteational armed conflicts, reaffirming and developing the principles and rules of inteational humanitarian law worldwide, and promoting its modeization.
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