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摄影技术被科学家们应用到建筑测量方面,还是近二、三十年的事。开始,摄影技术的应用范围较窄,也不为人所重视。最近十几年来,由于电子计算机、精密光学机械、感光化学等等学科的发展,摄影机质量的提高,出现了高分辨率的感光胶片、精密的像片量测和制图仪器以及数据处理系统,在建筑测量方面应用摄影技术,不仅适用范围广泛,而且经济可靠,已形成一种学科。这种学科被称为建筑摄影测量学。它的基本原理是通过对摄影像片和传感图象的处理、量测、判释和研究,来测定建筑的位置、形状、大小和获取环境信息等。如要对某建筑进行测量,只需从不同的角度摄取外形照片,尔后在室内根据比例、色度进行量测,就可计算出建筑物的高度、宽度、倾斜度甚至每一部件的凹凸程度。
It has been nearly twenty or thirty years since photography technology was applied by scientists to construction surveys. At the beginning, the application of photography technology was narrow and it was not taken seriously. Over the past decade or so, due to the development of electronic computers, precision optical machinery, photochemical chemistry, and other disciplines, the quality of cameras has increased. High-resolution photographic film, precise image measurement and drafting instruments, and data processing systems have emerged. The use of photographic techniques in building surveys not only covers a wide range of applications but also is economically reliable and forms a discipline. This discipline is called architectural photogrammetry. Its basic principle is to determine the position, shape, size, and environmental information of a building by processing, measuring, interpretation and research of photographic images and sensory images. If you want to measure a building, you only need to take shape photos from different angles. Then you can measure the height, width, inclination and even the degree of unevenness of each component in the room according to the proportion and the chromaticity. .