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目的:探讨青春期保健的一级预防措施,为青春期人群提供适当、适量、适度的健康教育。方法:于2008年1月～2009年12月在福建省福州市6所学校,按青春早、中、晚期,进行28场青春期保健健康知识的分层次传播。课后即向听众发放无记名调查问卷,收回问卷2 036份。定性调查是按整群抽样调查对讲座内容进行讨论,深入评价,提出改进建议等。结果:72%～81%的青少年对所有讲座内容持肯定态度,青春早期者希望更详尽介绍青春期发生的生理变化,青春晚期者希望重点介绍男、女性生理与性心理的各自特点;大多数听众认为青春期常见身心健康问题的讲座内容达到了学以致用的目的,但青春早期者仍存一些不解和迷惑,青春晚期者要求更多地介绍健康问题的具体解决方法;对“青春期如何预防生殖器官疾病或性传播疾病”专题,青少年提出要更详细地介绍治疗方法,在放映图片时要用较多的文字加以说明,多一点有病历特征的图片,青春期健康问题的求助机构不够多、求助渠道不够广,要多设电话询问或面对面咨询点;针对“青春期健康的三级预防”应更多地介绍如何防患于未然,多一些预防心理疾病的方法等。结论:教育行政部门要重视青春期保健的一级预防、各级医疗保健机构应履行公共卫生职能、促进青春期保健学科与相应专科门诊的建设和发展、社会要关注青春期各阶段人群的身心发展;建立由政府埋单的青春期保健服务机制。
Objective: To explore the primary preventive measures for adolescent health and provide proper, appropriate and appropriate health education for adolescents. Methods: In January 2008 ~ December 2009 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 6 schools, according to youth early, middle and late, carried out 28 adolescent health health knowledge layered distribution. After class, the audience was asked to send anonymous questionnaires and 2036 questionnaires were withdrawn. Qualitative survey is based on cluster sampling survey to discuss the contents of the lecture, in-depth evaluation, put forward suggestions for improvement. Results: 72% ~ 81% of adolescents affirmed the content of all the lectures. In early youth, they hoped to introduce the physiological changes in adolescence in more detail. In late adolescence, they hoped to introduce their own characteristics of male and female physiology and psychology. Most of the audience Adolescents think that the common physical and mental health lecture content to achieve the purpose of learning to use, but still early in some early puzzled and puzzled, late adolescents who asked more about the specific solutions to health problems; on “how to prevent puberty Reproductive organs diseases or sexually transmitted diseases ”, young people proposed to introduce the treatment method in more detail, use more words to show pictures, take pictures with more features of the medical records, not enough help agencies for adolescent health problems , Help channel is not wide enough, to set up more telephone inquiries or face-to-face consultation point; for “adolescent health tertiary prevention” should be more about how to take preventive measures, and more ways to prevent mental illness. Conclusion: The education administrative departments should pay more attention to the primary prevention of adolescent health care. The health care institutions at all levels should fulfill their public health functions, promote the construction and development of adolescent health care disciplines and corresponding specialist clinics, and society should pay attention to the physical and mental development of the adolescents at all stages. Advised by the government on adolescent health services.