肺水肿是指血管外肿水量异常增多的一种状态。首先是间质肺水增多;晚期肺水充满肺泡并在气道中产生泡沫,细胞内水分亦有增加。肺水肿过程意味着调节间质水分的体内平衡机制衰竭;自静脉与毛细血管滤出的水分超过了肺淋巴管回收的能力。为了了解异常的肺水,首先复习正常肺水及其在间质、肺泡和细胞之间的分布,以及其生理的和局部区域的变化。 Pulmonary edema is an abnormal increase in extravascular water volume of a state. The first is the interstitial lung water increased; advanced pulmonary alveoli filled with water and foam in the airways, intracellular water also increased. The process of pulmonary edema means failure of the homeostasis mechanism that regulates interstitial water; the ability to filter out the water from the veins and capillaries outweighs the recovery of the lung lymphatic vessels. To understand abnormal lung water, first review normal lung water and its distribution among stroma, alveoli and cells, as well as its physiological and local changes.