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(一) 我国经济体制改革的一项重要内容是建立宏观经济管理体制。就国家管理企业的方式而言,就是从直接控制转变为间接控制,即国家通过对市场上各种变量的调节,来引导企业的生产经营,使社会资源的配置合理化。传统体制下,国家如同一个大工厂,它的各部委相当于工厂的车间、科室。计委、经委相当于计划科、生产科,财政部、银行相当于财务科,铁路、交通等部门相当于运输科,物资、商业部门相当于供销科,而各个工业部,则相当于生产车间。各部委分兵
(1) An important part of China’s economic reform is the establishment of a macroeconomic management system. In terms of the way the state manages the enterprise, it is to change from direct control to indirect control. That is, the state guides enterprises in their production and operation and rationalizes the allocation of social resources through the adjustment of various variables in the market. Under the traditional system, a country is like a large factory, and its ministries and commissions are equivalent to the factory’s workshops and departments. The Planning Commission, the Economic Commission is equivalent to the Planning Section, Production Section, Ministry of Finance, Bank equivalent to the Finance Branch, Railway, Transportation and other departments equivalent to the Transport Branch, supplies, the commercial sector equivalent to the supply and marketing division, and all the Ministry of Industry, is equivalent to the production workshop . The ministries and branches