目的探讨中老年人群健康行为和因素对动脉血管的保护作用。方法随机分层抽取唐山开滦(集团)有限责任公司在职及离退休职工中年龄≥40岁、既往无脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作、心肌梗死者共5440例为调查对象,根据臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)分为动脉硬化组(baPWV≥1400cm/s)和非动脉硬化组(baPWV<1400cm/s)。多因素Logistic回归分析心血管健康行为(吸烟习惯、体质量指数、体育锻炼、健康饮食)和因素(总胆固醇、血压、空腹血糖)对baPWV的影响。结果动脉硬化组的年龄、男性比例、吸烟比例、体育锻炼比例、baPWV、体质量指数、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油高于非动脉硬化组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于非动脉硬化组(均P<0.05)。随着心血管健康行为和因素个数的增加,baPWV逐渐降低[右侧baPWV依次为(1646.1±325.0)、(1620.8±317.3)、(1586.4±360.0)、(1564.2±370.1)、(1528.7±376.8)、(1458.6±388.2)、(1393.4±360.9)、(1207.8±212.6)cm/s],动脉硬化发生率逐渐降低(84.5%、77.3%、68.6%、65.0%、57.8%、45.6%、35.7%、13.0%;P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示校正了年龄、性别、三酰甘油、LDL-C、HDL-C后,同具有≤1项者相比,具有2、3、4、5和≥6项的理想心血管健康行为和因素是动脉硬化的保护因素,OR(95%CI)分别是0.601(0.460～0.785)、0.536(0.410～0.699)、0.398(0.300～0.528)、0.248(0.179～0.343)、0.161(0.101～0.255)。结论中老年人群心血管健康行为和因素对动脉血管有保护作用。 Objective To explore the protective effects of health behaviors and factors on the arteries in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods A total of 5440 cases of stroke and transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction in the active and retired employees of Tangshan Kailuan (Group) Co., Ltd. were randomly stratified and randomly selected for the investigation. According to the ankle-brachial, Arterial pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was divided into arteriosclerosis group (baPWV ≥ 1400 cm / s) and non-arteriosclerosis group (baPWV <1400 cm / s). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the effects of cardiovascular health behaviors (smoking habit, body mass index, physical exercise, healthy diet) and factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose) on baPWV. Results The age, male ratio, smoking proportion, physical exercise percentage, baPWV, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride In non-arteriosclerosis group, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower than non-arteriosclerosis group (all P <0.05). With the increase of cardiovascular health behaviors and the number of factors, baPWV gradually decreased [baPWV of the right side were (1646.1 ± 325.0), (1620.8 ± 317.3), (1586.4 ± 360.0), (1564.2 ± 370.1) and (1528.7 ± 376.8 ), (1458.6 ± 388.2), (1393.4 ± 360.9) and (1207.8 ± 212.6) cm / s respectively. The incidence of atherosclerosis was gradually decreased (84.5%, 77.3%, 68.6%, 65.0%, 57.8%, 45.6%, 35.7 %, 13.0%; P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, the ideal cardiovascular fitness behaviors with 2, 3, 4, 5, The OR (95% CI) were 0.601 (0.460-0.785), 0.536 (0.410-0.699), 0.398 (0.300-0.528), 0.248 (0.179-0.343), 0.161 (0.101-0.2550 ). Conclusion Cardiovascular health behaviors and factors in middle-aged and elderly people have protective effects on arterial blood vessels.