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目的分析云南省禄丰县自然状态家犬狂犬病毒携带阳性率及阳性犬分布情况,为制定狂犬病防制对策提供依据。方法 2012年3月12-18日在全面扑杀8个自然村疫区的犬只过程中,采犬脑标本检验,调查家犬狂犬病毒携带阳性率,分析阳性犬分布情况;全面扑杀犬只3个月、6个月和1年后开展3次农户恢复养犬情况调查。结果8个自然村扑杀1103只家犬,采集犬脑标本542只(份),检测阳性24只,阳性率4.43%,阳性犬呈离散性分布,阳性率最高的自然村达9.09%;全面扑杀犬只1年后养犬户和养犬数分别恢复到扑杀前的80.38%和61.92%,户均养犬恢复到0.56只(扑杀前0.90只)。结论禄丰县家犬狂犬病毒带病毒率不高,阳性犬呈离散性分布,阳性率与疫点距离远近不存在比例关系。扑杀后农户恢复养犬较快,犬只来源较为复杂,狂犬病等疫源输入的危险因素增加。科学抽样监测动物狂犬病带病毒动态,以免误杀健康犬只,可避免大面积扑杀犬只带来的社会慌恐和经济损失。
Objective To analyze the positive rate and positive distribution of rabies virus in domestic dogs in Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, and to provide basis for the development of rabies prevention and control measures. Methods During the period from March 12 to March 18, 2012, a total of 8 dogs in the natural villages were killed. The dog’s brain samples were collected for testing. The positive rate of domestic dogs carrying rabies virus was investigated, and the distribution of positive dogs was analyzed. 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after the implementation of three surveys of farmers recover dog. Results A total of 1103 dogs were killed in 8 villages. 542 canine brain samples were collected and 24 were positive, with a positive rate of 4.43%. The positive dogs showed a discrete distribution with a highest positive rate of 9.09% in natural villages. The number of dogs and dogs raised in dogs was restored to 80.38% and 61.92% of the pre-culling ones respectively after 1 year. The average number of dogs in dogs was 0.56 (0.90 before the culling). Conclusion The prevalence of rabies virus in domestic dogs in Lufeng County was not high, and the positive dogs showed discrete distribution. The positive rate was not related to the distance from the epidemic spots. After the curtailment, the farmers recovered the dog faster, the source of the dog was more complex, and the risk factors such as rabies and other epidemic input increased. Scientific sampling to monitor animals with rabies and virus dynamics, so as not to kill healthy dogs, to avoid a large area of dog hunting and social panic caused by economic losses.