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分析了某污染场地挖掘过程中场地内及其周边空气中HCHs和DDTs的污染物分布特征;应用健康风险评价模型研究了挖掘场地附近居民区经呼吸暴露途径的致癌和非致癌风险.结果表明,挖掘区附近居民区空气中HCHs和DDTs呈现出明显的季节分布特征,秋冬季节浓度高,春夏季节浓度较低.ΣHCHs冬季浓度在5.65~133 ng·m-3之间,均值为28.6 ng·m-3;ΣDDTs冬季浓度在4.48~2 800 ng·m-3之间,均值为457.3 ng·m-3.ΣHCHs春季浓度在6.23~26.4 ng·m-3之间,均值为15.1 ng·m-3;ΣDDTs夏季浓度在3.17~8.1 ng·m-3之间,均值为6.1 ng·m-3,春夏季节施工可减少二次污染产生.居民区空气中HCHs和DDTs浓度与离地面高度呈显著负相关(P<0.05,n=33).挖掘区附近成人居民经呼吸暴露产生的致癌风险及非致癌风险在可接受风险范围内,但挖掘过程对幼年居民产生一定的致癌及非致癌风险.因此,该类污染场地挖掘过程中应采取措施抑制挖掘区污染物向空气扩散,以降低风险.
The distribution characteristics of pollutants of HCHs and DDTs in the air in and around the site during the excavation of a contaminated site were analyzed. The health risk assessment model was used to study the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of residential areas near the excavation site via respiratory exposure. HCHs and DDTs in the air of residential area near the excavation area showed obvious seasonal distribution, with high concentrations in autumn and winter and low concentrations in spring and summer.ΣHCHs concentrations in winter ranged from 5.65 to 133 ng · m-3 with an average of 28.6 ng · m-3; ΣDDTs in winter ranged from 4.48 to 2 800 ng · m-3 with an average of 457.3 ng · m-3. ΣHCHs in spring ranged from 6.23 to 26.4 ng · m-3 with a mean of 15.1 ng · m -3 and ΣDDTs in summer were between 3.17 and 8.1 ng · m-3, with an average of 6.1 ng · m-3, respectively, and the construction of spring and summer seasons could reduce the secondary pollution.The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in the air and the height (P <0.05, n = 33). The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of adult residents near the excavated area after exposure to respiratory exposure are within the acceptable risk range, but the excavation process may cause certain carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects on young residents Therefore, this type of contaminated sites should be taken during the excavation process to suppress Dig area dispersion of pollutants into the air, to reduce risk.