本文以八个玉米自交系按双列式组配的28个组合为供试材料,通过通径分析和遗传参数的估算,结果表明:粒重主要决定于灌浆速率,籽粒体积主要取决于建成速率。灌浆速率与建成速率的高度一致性可能是粒重与籽粒体积高度相关的主要原因。灌浆速率、建成速率和籽粒体积的变异绝大部分是加性变异。灌浆期和建成期的变异则主要是播期或配合力与播期互作所致。粒重的变异主要是加性变异,但也在一定程度上受播期的影响。平均灌浆速率、有效灌浆速率和籽粒体积与粒重的相关遗传进度约等于粒重的遗传进度。本文对上述结果在玉米大粒型高产育种栽培中的应用问题进行了讨论。 In this paper, eight combinations of two maize inbred lines were used as tested materials. Through the path analysis and genetic parameter estimation, the results showed that the grain weight mainly depends on the filling rate and the grain volume mainly depends on the completion rate. A high degree of agreement between grain filling rate and built-up rate may be the main reason for the high correlation between grain weight and grain volume. Variation in grain filling rate, built-up rate, and grain volume are mostly additive variations. Variation in the filling stage and the completion stage mainly resulted from the interaction of sowing date or combining ability with sowing date. Grain weight variation is mainly additive variation, but also to some extent affected by the sowing date. The average grain-filling rate, effective grain filling rate, and grain-to-grain-weight-related genetic progress were approximately equal to the grain-weight genetic progress. This paper discussed the application of the above-mentioned results in the cultivation of large grain-type high-yielding maize.