小学数学课堂教学活动是师生积极参与、交往互动、共同发展的过程。在这个过程中,教师是“教”的主体,学生是“学”的主体,体现出“教师主体性”和“学生主体性”的特点,但这两个主体性有着本质的区别,其作用与地位也不相同。教师主体性在学生主体性的发挥、发展中起外在的引导、指导作用,处于主导地位,学生主体性的发挥、发展是教师主体性发挥的目的和动因,是学生自我发展的内在动因和根本动力, Primary school mathematics classroom teaching activities are the active participation of teachers and students, interaction and common development. In this process, the teacher is the main body of “teaching” and the student is the main body of “learning”, which reflects the characteristics of “teacher’s subjectivity” and “student’s subjectivity”, but these two main bodies Sex has its own essential difference, its role and status are not the same. Teacher’s subjectivity plays an important guiding and guiding role in the development and play of student’s subjectivity. It plays an important role in giving play to the development of students ’subjectivity. It is also the purpose and motivation of teachers’ subjectivity. It is also the intrinsic motivation of self-development of students. Fundamental power,