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目的比较三元催化器催化前后汽油机中苯系物排放的健康风险的改变情况,探讨健康环境风险评估方法在汽油机排放物健康效应评价中的可行性。方法采集分析100%负荷下三元催化器进气口和出气口中苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)的浓度,利用健康环境风险评估方法比较催化前后苯系物健康风险的变化。结果在100%负荷下经三元催化器催化后,甲苯、二甲苯的危害指数降低,苯的危害指数和致癌风险升高;苯系物的慢性长期健康危害指数降低。结论三元催化器改变了汽油机排放物的健康风险,催化后苯系物的非致癌风险降低,致癌风险增加。健康环境风险评估可以用于汽油机排放物的健康效应。
Objective To compare the changes of health risks of benzene emissions before and after the three-way catalyst catalysis, and to explore the feasibility of health environment risk assessment in the evaluation of health effects of gasoline engine emissions. Methods The concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene in the gas inlet and outlet of the three-way catalytic converter under 100% load were collected and analyzed. The health risk assessment of benzene compounds before and after the catalysis was compared by using the method of health environment risk assessment. Results The catalytic index of toluene and xylene decreased with the catalysis of three-way catalyst under 100% load, the hazard index and carcinogenic risk of benzene increased, while the index of chronic long-term health hazard of benzene decreased. Conclusions Three-way catalytic converters have changed the health risks of gasoline engine emissions. The catalytic risk of non-carcinogenicity of benzene-based compounds decreases and the carcinogenic risk increases. Health Environmental risk assessment can be used for the health effects of gasoline engine emissions.