随着世界能源消费需求的持续增长和全球气候变化影响的日益加剧,世界各国都把开发水电作为能源发展的优先领域,作为应对气候变化、实现可持续发展的共同选择。目前,水力发电满足了全世界约20%的电力需求,有55个国家一半以上的电力由水电提供,其中24个国家这一比重超过90%。目前,我国水能资源开发程度仅为31%,远低于发达国家的平均水平,具有很大的发展潜力。根据国家可再生能源中长期发展规划,2020年全国水电装机容量将达到3亿千瓦,平均每年新增1200万千瓦。水电作为优质清洁的可再生能源,将在国家能源安全战略中占据更加重要的地位。 With the continuous growth of world energy consumption demand and the increasing impact of global climate change, all countries in the world regard the development of hydropower as a priority area for energy development as their common choice to cope with climate change and achieve sustainable development. At present, hydropower accounts for about 20% of the world’s electricity demand, with more than half of the electricity in 55 countries provided by hydropower, of which 24 countries account for more than 90%. At present, the development level of hydropower resources in China is only 31%, well below the average level of developed countries and has great potential for development. According to the national medium and long-term development plan for renewable energy, hydropower installed capacity in China will reach 300 million kilowatts by 2020, with an average annual increase of 12 million kilowatts. As a clean and renewable energy source, hydropower will occupy a more important position in the national energy security strategy.