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目的分析儿童细菌性腹泻病原菌、流行病学特征及其耐药性,指导临床合理用药.方法对我院2010年1月至2012年1月感染性腹泻患儿的新鲜标本进行细菌分离培养,采用微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验.结果从246份标本中检出39株病原菌,检出率为15.9%.其中氟劳地枸橼酸杆菌15株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌10株,志贺菌属6株,大肠埃希氏菌4株,肺炎克雷伯杆菌2株,普通变形杆菌2株.病原菌的检出率以3岁以下婴幼儿最高,占89.7%.氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾、复方新诺明、头孢唑啉、庆大霉素、氧氟沙星、妥布霉素对所有的细菌都耐药,部分高达100%,第三代头孢菌素、氨曲南的耐药率低,耐药率不超过20%,头孢吡肟、泰能未发现耐药菌株.结论目前我院儿童细菌性腹泻以条件致病菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌感染为主,主要感染低年龄段儿童,细菌耐药谱广,使用抗生素时应谨慎.“,”Objective To investigate the etiology, epidemiologic features, and antibiotic resistance of isolated pathogens from children with bacterial diarrhea, so as to provide important evidence for paediatrics clinical therapy. Methods The fecal samples of 246 children with infectious diarrhea between January 2010 and January 2012 were colected and cultured. The antimicrobial susceptibilties were tested by the micro-broth dilution method. Results A total of 39 isolates of pathogenic bacterium (15.9%) were obtained, including Citrobacter freundi (n=15), Salmonela typhimurium (n=10), Shigela (n=6), Escherichia coli (n=4), Klebsiela pneumoniae (n=2), and Proteus vulgaris (n=2). The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria presented highest in children under 3 years (89.7%). Ampicilin、amoxicilin/clavulanate potassium、sulfamethoxazole compound、cefamezin、gentamycin、ofloxacin、tobramycin in al showed great drug resistant rate, even 100%. Less than 20% of isolates were resistant to the third generation cephalosporins and aztreonam. There was no resistance to cefepime and tienam. Conclusion Opportunistic bacteria and Salmonela typhimurium were the major pathogen among children with bacterial diarrhea in our hospital, and concentrated on infants. The antimicrobial resistance of common pathogenic bacterial was serious, which should be noted.