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目的了解克拉玛依市2010-2013年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生及监测情况,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对克拉玛依市2010-2013年报告的疑似预防接种异常反应资料进行分析。结果 2010-2013年全市共报告AEFI个案124例,全市4个区均有报告,克拉玛依区占75.00%,2013年较2010年报告AEFI大幅提高,男女性别比为1.43∶1;疫苗总的报告发生率在4.47/10万~36.96/10万之间,≤1岁年龄组报告最多占54.03%(67/124),随年龄增加AEFI报告病例数下降。83.87%发生在接种后≤1 d,病例主要集中在5、6和9月,占42.75%(53/124)。发生AEFI疫苗共有14种,其中以无细胞百白破疫苗的发生数最多,占26.62%;AEFI发生以一般反应为主占98.40%(122/124),临床损害以发热、红肿、硬结为主90例,占报告总数的72.58%。结论克拉玛依市AEFI监测系统完整性、敏感性和及时性逐年提高,但仍需提高监测质量。
Objective To understand the occurrence and monitoring of suspected AEFI in Karamay from 2010 to 2013 and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of suspected immunization reported in 2010-2013 in Karamay. Results A total of 124 cases of AEFI were reported in the city from 2010 to 2013. There were reports in 4 districts of the city and 75.00% in Karamay District. The AEFI of 2013 was significantly higher than that of 2010, with a gender-to-sex ratio of 1.43:1. The total vaccine report Rates ranged from 4.47 / 100 000 to 36.96 / 100 000, with reports up to 54.03% (67/124) in the ≤1 year age group. The number of AEFI reported cases decreased with age. 83.87% occurred ≤1 d after inoculation. The cases were mainly concentrated in 5, 6 and 9 months, accounting for 42.75% (53/124). There were 14 kinds of AEFI vaccines, of which 26.62% were A cell-free diphtheria-pertussis vaccine; 98.40% (122/124) were AEFI-type ones. The main clinical manifestation was fever, swelling and induration 90 cases, accounting for 72.58% of the total number of reports. Conclusion The completeness, sensitivity and timeliness of the AEFI monitoring system in Karamay are increasing year by year, but the monitoring quality still needs to be improved.