As one of the major exploration objects of marine deposit in Tarim basin,Silurian has been paid more attention from oil/gas exploration and geologists.However,due to the widely deposit and later erosion,it is difficult to restore the original basin.The surrounding tectonic activity and provenance systems of Silurian Tarim basin have a lot of controversy.Aid of detrital zircons U-Pb dating data obtained from well drilling of Tabei(塔北) and Tazhong(塔中) areas and Sishichang(四十场) and Xiangyangcun(向阳村) outcrop profiles,integrated with other geological and geophysical data,the tectothermal evolution and provenance nature of Silurian deposit have been revealed.Zircons U-Pb dating shows Tarim basin has experienced 5-6 significant tectothermal events:3 500-3 000 Ma Paleo-Mesoarchean,around 2 500 and 1 800 Ma Paleoproterozoic,around 1 000 and 800 Ma Neoproterozoic,and 500-400 Ma Eopaleozoic tectothermal events.These tectothermal events reflected the evolution of Tarim microplates and Tarim basin,respectively,corresponded to the forming and spilitting process of Ur supercontinent,Kenorland,Columbia and Rodinia supercontinent.Difference between the samples of Tazhong and Tabei areas indicated that North and South Tarim microplates were different in Paleo-Mesoarchean,and later evolutions were more synchronous after Paleoproterozoic.Integrated with seismic data and outcrop interpretation,the U-Pb dating results also revealed that the surrounding tectonic activities were still very active during Silurian,and indicated different regions had different source systems.At Tadong(塔东) and Manjiaer(满加尔) depressions,major source systems came from Ordovician Altyn orogenic belts.At Tabei area and northwest of Tarim basin,major source systems came from recycling orogenic zone(the activity of South Tianshan(天山) Mountain) and Precambrian stable basement(local paleo-uplifts at north of Tabei).The Ordovician uplift and orogenic zone at the south of Tarim basin and Precambrian granite basement provided lots of source systems to Tazhong area. As one of the major exploration objects of marine deposit in Tarim basin, Silurian has been paid more attention from oil / gas exploration and geologists. Hoster, due to the widely deposit and later erosion, it is difficult to restore to the original basin. Surrounding tectonic activity and provenance systems of Silurian Tarim basin have a lot of controversy. Aid of detrital zircons U-Pb dating data obtained from well drilling of Tabei (Tatar) and Tazhong areas and Sishichang (40 fields) and Xiangyangcun (阳阳 村) outcrop profiles, integrated with other geological and geophysical data, the tectothermal evolution and provenance nature of Silurian deposit have been revealed. Zircons U-Pb dating shows Tarim basin has experienced 5-6 significant tectothermal events: 3 500-3 000 Ma Paleo-Mesoarchean, around 2 500 and 1 800 Ma Paleoproterozoic, around 1 000 and 800 Ma Neoproterozoic, and 500-400 Ma Eopaleozoic tectothermal events. These tectothermal events reflected the evolution of Tarim micropla tes and Tarim basin, respectively, corresponded to the forming and spilitting process of Ur supercontinent, Kenorland, Columbia and Rodinia supercontinent. Difference between the samples of Tazhong and Tabei areas indicated that North and South Tarim microplates were different in Paleo-Mesoarchean, and later evolutions were more synchronous after Paleoproterozoic. Integrated with seismic data and outcrop interpretation, the U-Pb dating results also revealed that the surrounding tectonic activities were still very active during Silurian, and indicated different regions had different source systems. At Tadong and Manjiaer depressions, major source systems came from Ordovician Altyn orogenic belts. At Tabei area and northwest of Tarim basin, major source systems came from recycling orogenic zone (the activity of South Tianshan Mountain) and Precambrian stable basement (local paleo-uplifts at north of Tabei). The Ordovician uplift and orogenic zone at the south of Tarim basin an d Precambrian granite basement provided lots of source systems to Tazhong area.