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目的掌握白山市不同时期甲型H1N1流感病毒感染水平;了解本市甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的动态变化趋势。方法按照卫生部2009年相关要求,分别于2010年1、3月在白山市抽取5个县(市、区)的人口开展横断面调查。采用多阶段分层随机抽样法,两次横断面共调查1 000人。采用Epidata 3.1软件建立调查数据库,利用SPSS 17.0软件进行分析;采集血清由中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病所统一使用血凝抑制(HI)方法对标本进行检测。结果随时间推移白山市甲型H1N1流感抗体水平阳性率有所下降。5个年龄组抗体水平差异有统计学意义(χ2第1次调查=60.501,P<0.001;χ2第2次调查=14.299,P<0.005)。6～15和16～24岁年龄组人群抗体水平阳性率明显高于平均水平,老年人抗体水平较低,学生抗体阳性率高于其他人群,有疫苗接种史人群抗体水平明显高于无疫苗接种史人群(χ2第1次调查=93.698,P<0.001;χ2第2次调查=63.803,P<0.001)。结论本市人群免疫屏障尚未建立。应进一步加强疫情监测,加强疫苗接种,尤其是老年人的预防接种工作。
Objective To understand the level of Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in different periods of Baishan City and understand the dynamic change trend of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in this city. Methods According to the requirements of the Ministry of Health in 2009, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in January and March 2010 in five counties (cities and districts) in Baishan City, respectively. A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to survey 1 000 people in two cross-sections. Epidata 3.1 software was used to establish a survey database, and SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the collected samples. Serum samples were collected from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention virus disease using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) method. Results The positive rate of influenza A (H1N1) antibody in Baishan City decreased with time. The antibody levels in the five age groups were significantly different (χ2 first survey = 60.501, P <0.001; χ2 second survey = 14.299, P <0.005). The positive rate of antibody in 6 ~ 15 and 16 ~ 24 age group was significantly higher than the average level, the level of antibody in the elderly was lower, the positive rate of antibody was higher than that in other groups, the antibody level in the population with vaccination history was significantly higher than that in the group without vaccination History of the population (χ2 first survey = 93.698, P <0.001; χ2 second survey = 63.803, P <0.001). Conclusion The population of the city’s immune barrier has not been established. Epidemic surveillance should be further strengthened to enhance vaccination, especially for the elderly.