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教材分析 (一)本节在扁形动物门中的位置新编初中《动物学》课本突出了进化观点,这在《扁形动物门》一章的教材安排上得到较好的体现。扁形动物门分为涡虫纲、吸虫纲和绦虫纲。教材以涡虫作为自由生活的动物代表,通过形态、结构和生理的讲述,使学生理解本门动物的特征及其在动物界的位置。教材还讲述了猪肉绦虫和血吸虫,它们是营寄生生活的,是危害人畜的寄生虫。通过讲述它们的形态结构和生活史,使学生明确寄生虫对寄生生活的适应;掌握寄生虫的生活规律,理解预防和治疗这两种寄生虫病的科学根据。最后归纳出扁形动物门的主要特征。《涡虫》这节教材是按照涡虫的形态、胚层、消化系统和神经系统等顺序来组织的。通过与水螅的对比,可以知道扁形动物比腔肠动物高等。主要表现在以下几点:
Textbook analysis (a) of this section in the position of flat animal door New junior high school “zoology” textbook highlights the evolution of point of view, which “flat door” chapter of the textbook is better reflected. Flat-shaped animal door divided into planarian, Trematoda and tapeworm. The textbook uses planarians as free-living animal representatives, through the form, structure and physiology of the narration, so that students understand the characteristics of this animal and its position in the animal kingdom. The textbook also tells about tapeworms and schistosomiasis, which are parasitic parasites and endangering humans and animals. Through the description of their morphological structure and life history, make students clear parasite adaptation to parasitic life; master the law of life of parasites, understand the scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of these two parasitic diseases. Finally, the main features of the flat animal door are summarized. The plankton is organized in the order of planarian, germ, digestive and nervous systems. By contrast with the water 螅, we can know flat animals higher than coelenterate animals. Mainly in the following points: