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目的调查一起学校肺炎支原体感染暴发疫情,分析肺炎支原体感染谱,为今后学校防控提供依据。方法按照病例定义搜索病例,对疑似病例进行个案调查,采集病例和密切接触者咽拭子及血清,均采用荧光定量PCR法进行肺炎支原体核酸检测和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法进行肺炎支原体Ig M抗体检测。结果该校共发生肺炎支原体感染36例,首发病例9月16日发病,末例病例11月9日发病,疫情共持续54 d,病例主要集中在10月11日—11月8日。临床症状以咳嗽为主,伴有发热、咽痛、头晕/头痛。36例均为学生,罹患率为5.24%,其中503班学生罹患率最高,为60.98%,该班肺炎支原体Ig M抗体阳性率为84.38%,隐性感染率为24.39%;教师血清及咽拭子标本均无肺炎支原体阳性检出。结论本起疫情暴发是由于首发病例出现后未及时隔离,教室内空气流通较差导致,今后应加强学校健康教育,落实传染病防控措施,防止类似事件再次发生。
Objective To investigate a school outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection spectrum, to provide the basis for future school prevention and control. Methods The cases were searched according to the definition of cases and the cases of suspected cases were investigated. The throat swabs and serums of the cases and close contacts were collected. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae and ELISA. Ig M antibody test. Results There were 36 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in the school, the first case was onset on September 16, the last case was on November 9, and the outbreak continued for 54 days. The cases mainly concentrated on October 11-November 8. Clinical symptoms mainly cough, accompanied by fever, sore throat, dizziness / headache. 36 students were students, the attack rate was 5.24%, of which 503 students the highest attack rate was 60.98%, the class of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Ig M antibody positive rate was 84.38%, latent infection rate was 24.39%; teacher serum and pharyngeal swab None of the sub-specimens were positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Conclusion The epidemic outbreak was caused by the lack of timely isolation of the first cases and poor air circulation in the classrooms. In the future, we should strengthen the school health education and implement prevention and control measures for infectious diseases so as to prevent the recurrence of similar incidents.