近日,国土资源部、电监会、国家能源局等部门纷纷发布文件,鼓励民间资本进军能源领域,引起各方的高度关注。在经济转型的相当长一段时间内,能源行业可以由国企控制,但需要刻意保持一定比例的民营和外企,这应当是能源行业改革的方向性目标。近年来,能源行业比较显著的发展特征之一是民营比例越来越小。在能源国企做大做强的同时,还常常听到民营企业“夹缝中求生”和“玻璃门”的呼声。电力行业对民资的挤出效应最为明显。尽管发电 Recently, the Ministry of Land Resources, the SERC, the National Energy Administration and other departments have released documents to encourage non-governmental capital into the energy field, arousing great concern from all parties. In the relatively long period of economic restructuring, the energy industry can be controlled by state-owned enterprises, but a certain proportion of private and foreign enterprises need to be deliberately kept. This should be the direction goal of energy sector reform. In recent years, one of the more prominent development characteristics of the energy industry is that the proportion of private-owned enterprises is getting smaller and smaller. In the energy state-owned enterprises bigger and stronger at the same time, often heard of private-owned enterprises “survival ” and “glass door ” voice. The crowding-out effect of the power industry on civilian-owned assets is the most obvious. Despite power generation