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1.什么是语素? 语素是最小的语音语义结合体,也就是构成词语的要素,是最小的语法单位。再往下分析,就成为非构词要素的音素。汉语的语素始终是单音节的占优势,在书面上就是一个方块字,在口头上就是一个带调的音节,如“牛、肉、简、化、伟、大”等。双声音节和多音节的,内部情况比较复杂,有汉语固有的,如“整齐、参差”,有外来的,外来中有全音译的,如“巧克力、布尔什维克”,有半音译半意译的,如“吉普车、尼龙布”,还有全意译的,如“激光、小提琴”等等。
1. What is the morpheme? Morpheme is the smallest phonetic-semantic combination, that is, the elements that make up the word, is the smallest grammar unit. Further analysis, it becomes a non-word element of phonemes. The morpheme of Chinese is always monosyllabic dominant. It is a square word in writing, which is verbally a syllable of tone, such as “cow, meat, Jane, Hua Wei, great” and so on. Double syllables and multi-syllables, the internal situation is more complicated, there are Chinese inherent, such as “neat, mixed”, there are foreign, all foreign transliteration, such as “chocolate, the Bolsheviks” Such as “jeep, nylon cloth”, as well as translated, such as “laser, violin” and so on.