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多功能磁性纳米粒由于其独特的性质而受到广泛的关注。磁性纳米粒可以与荧光探针、生物靶向分子或抗肿瘤药物等相结合实现磁性纳米粒的多功能化,因此在多模式成像、癌症的靶向诊断与治疗中有较好的应用前景。本文介绍了磁性纳米粒的合成以及多功能磁性纳米粒的构建方法,重点介绍了核壳型、哑铃型和组合杂化型三种不同类型多功能磁性纳米粒的合成方法。多功能磁性纳米粒通常具有粒径小、超顺磁性以及荧光等独特性质,在此基础上对纳米粒表面进行稳定化和靶向性修饰后即可在多模式成像、特异性靶向药物输送、基因转染等生物医学领域得到应用。最后指出了当前研究中需要解决的问题。
Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles have attracted wide attention due to their unique properties. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used in combination with fluorescent probes, biological targeting molecules or anti-tumor drugs to achieve multi-functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles. Therefore, magnetic nanoparticles have good application prospects in multimodal imaging and targeted diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In this paper, the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and the construction of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles are introduced. The synthesis methods of three kinds of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles, such as core-shell, dumbbell and hybrid hybrid, are introduced. Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles usually have unique properties such as small particle size, superparamagnetic and fluorescence. Based on these, multi-mode magnetic nanoparticles can be imaged in multimodal mode with specific targeted drug delivery , Gene transfection and other biomedical applications. Finally, it points out the problems to be solved in the current research.