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日本托特螨(Tortonia sp.)是盗寄生性携播型螨类的一种。本研究通过室内人工饲养观察,对来源于日本的日本托特螨的形态特征进行了描述;并明确了此螨是营生于授粉昆虫——角额壁蜂(Osmia cornifrons(Radoszkowski))的巢筒育房中,属于盗寄生兼腐生性的螨类。在日本,此螨的年生活相有3相,以Ⅲ相中的幼螨、第1和第3若螨、成螨以及携播型第2若螨的虫态在壁蜂育房内过冬;成螨雌雄性比为1:1,无孤雌生殖,雌螨一生产卵量为(264.0±34.0)粒;各螨态在16～32℃温度条件下总发育历期为(52.1±5.5)～(14.7±2.0)d;此螨以寄主壁蜂贮存的食粮——花粉团和壁蜂的粪便为食料,26℃条件下取食这两种食料的发育历期虽有差异,但都能顺利生长发育并完成世代。本研究为日本托特螨的识别和防控提供了依据。
Japanese Tortonia sp. Is a species of parasitic sexually transmitted mites. In this study, morphological characteristics of Japanese Todt mites originating from Japan were described through indoor artificial feeding observation. It was also clarified that this mite was a member of the nest of the pollinator Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) Housing, belonging to pilfer and saprophytic mites. In Japan, the annual life phase of this mite is three-phase, and the winter mites live in the wall bee-house with the larvae in stage III, the first and third nymphs, the adult mites, The male-male ratio of adult mites was 1: 1, and no parthenogenesis was found. The number of fecundity of female mites was (264.0 ± 34.0) grains per year. The total developmental duration of each mite was (52.1 ± 5.5) ~ (14.7 ± 2.0) d, respectively. The mites stored the food stored in the host wall bee - the feces of the pollen swarm and the wall bee. The developmental periods of the two kinds of foodstuffs fed at 26 ℃ were different, Smooth growth and completion of the generation. This study provided a basis for the identification and control of Totter mites in Japan.