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目的了解凭祥市吸毒人群的高危行为特征及HIV、梅毒、丙肝感染状况,为制定艾滋病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法 2009年4—5月在凭祥市社区采用滚雪球、同伴传达等非随机抽样方法调查社区吸毒者,如完成社区调查后仍不能满足样本量要求时,再从当地戒毒所在监测期内新进入所的吸毒人群中进行补充。对调查对象进行一对一问卷调查,并采集血样进行HIV、梅毒、丙肝抗体检测。结果共调查吸毒者283人,男性占96.82%,女性占3.18%,年龄以20～44岁为主(占93.64%)。艾滋病知识知晓率为99.29%(281/283)。吸毒人群中,静脉注射毒品者占85.51%(242/283),注射吸毒人群注射吸毒时与别人共用针具的比例为15.64%(33/211),最近1次发生性行为时使用安全套的比例为65.67%(88/134)。检出HIV抗体阳性者15例,阳性率为5.30%;检出梅毒7例,感染率为2.47%;检出丙肝183例,感染率为64.66%;HIV、梅毒、丙肝合并三重感染率为0.35%,HIV、丙肝合并感染率为4.95%,梅毒、丙肝合并感染率为1.41%。结论凭祥市吸毒人群中不仅存在因静脉吸毒经血液传播HIV的危险,还存在经性接触传播的危险因素。今后工作重点是针对特定的高危人群采取合理的预防干预措施,同时,提高行为干预的覆盖面和覆盖率。
Objective To understand the high-risk behavioral characteristics and HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C infection among drug users in Pingxiang and provide a scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies. Methods From April to May 2009, non-random sampling methods such as snowballing and companion communication were used in community survey in Pingxiang City to investigate community drug users. If community samples were still unable to meet the sample size requirements, they were re-introduced from the local drug treatment center during the monitoring period By the drug addicts to supplement. One-on-one questionnaires were surveyed and blood samples were collected for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C antibody testing. Results A total of 283 drug addicts were investigated, accounting for 96.82% of all males and 3.18% of females, with the age of 20-44 years (accounting for 93.64%). AIDS awareness was 99.29% (281/283). Among drug addicts, 85.51% (242/283) were intravenous drug users, 15.64% (33/211) shared needles when injecting drug users, and the proportion of condom use during the last sexual activity 65.67% (88/134). HIV-positive syphilis was detected in 15 cases, the positive rate was 5.30%; 7 cases of syphilis were detected, the infection rate was 2.47%; 183 cases of hepatitis C were detected, the infection rate was 64.66%; HIV, syphilis, %, HIV, hepatitis C combined infection rate was 4.95%, syphilis, hepatitis C infection rate was 1.41%. Conclusion In Pingxiang City, there is not only the risk of transmitting HIV through blood by intravenous drug use, but also the risk factors of sexual contact. The focus of the future work is to take reasonable preventive interventions for specific high-risk groups and to increase the coverage and coverage of behavioral interventions.