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目的分析2009-2014年湖北省血吸虫病监测点螺情变化趋势,为科学制定防治策略和措施提供依据。方法 2009-2014年,在全省13个地市共设立207个监测点(行政村),并开展螺情监测工作,对6年来各项螺情监测指标进行统计分析。结果 2009-2014年累计调查钉螺面积80 963.47 hm~2,查出有螺面积45 309.77 hm~2,感染性钉螺面积364.93 hm~2;共捕获活螺1 646 125只。监测点活螺平均密度由2009年0.493 3只/0.1 m~2下降到2014年0.339 3只/0.1 m2,降幅为31.22%;感染螺密度由2009年0.000 7只/0.1m~2下降至0,降幅为100%;钉螺感染率由2009年0.14%下降至0。不同疫情类别和流行类型中,三类村和垸内型流行区钉螺感染率最高;不同环境类型和植被类型中,沟渠和杂草环境钉螺感染率最高。结论湖北省螺情稳步下降,但全省钉螺孳生环境未得到根本改变,需加大药物灭螺和工程灭螺力度,以巩固血防成果。
Objective To analyze the changing trend of snail status in schistosomiasis monitoring points in Hubei Province from 2009 to 2014 and provide the basis for scientifically formulating prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods From 2009 to 2014, a total of 207 monitoring sites (administrative villages) were set up in 13 prefectures and cities across the province. Surveillance on spirometry was carried out, and statistical analysis was made on various monitoring indicators for spirits in the past six years. Results From 2009 to 2014, a total of 80 963.47 hm ~ 2 snails were found in the survey, 45 457.77 hm ~ 2 snails and 364.93 hm ~ 2 infectious snails were found. A total of 1 646 125 live snails were detected. The mean density of live snails at the monitoring sites decreased from 0.493 3 /0.1 m ~ 2 in 2009 to 0.339 3 /0.1 m2 in 2014, a decrease of 31.22%. The density of infected snails decreased from 0.000 7 /0.1m ~ 2 in 2009 to 0 , A decrease of 100%; snail infection rate dropped from 0.14% in 2009 to 0. Among the different epidemic types and epidemic types, the infection rates of snail in three types of villages and embankment endemic areas were the highest; among the different types of environment and vegetation types, the infection rates of snails were the highest in ditches and weeds. Conclusions The snail in Hubei Province has been steadily declining, but the snail breeding environment has not been fundamentally changed in the whole province. It is necessary to intensify the drug snail elimination and engineering snail loosening efforts so as to consolidate the blood disease prevention achievements.