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目的了解山东省青岛市社区周边烟草零售点密度及主要公共场所吸烟相关的信息环境,为青岛市实施公共场所全面禁烟提供基础数据。方法采用分层系统随机抽样方法对在青岛市市南区、市北区、四方区和李沧区4个中心城区抽取的27个社区周边932个烟草零售点和2 339个主要公共场所(1 568个餐馆、63家医院/社区卫生服务中心、142所学校、340个健身场所和226个路段)进行场所位置定位和控烟相关信息环境的调查。结果青岛市城区平均烟草零售点密度为5.7个/1 000人;932个烟草零售点中,63.9%的零售点有明显的“此处售烟”标识,有4.1%的零售点张贴了“禁止向未成年人售烟”的标识,零售点烟草促销广告与吸烟警示标识的比例为142:1;青岛市调查的餐馆、医院和学校中,仅1.1%的公共场所为无烟单位;有2.8%的公共场所张贴了“禁止吸烟”的标识,有1.4%的公共场所发现烟草促销广告,未发现“吸烟有害健康”等健康警示标识的公共场所。结论青岛市城区烟草零售点密度较高,烟草促销广告普遍存在,且公共场所吸烟警示信息缺乏,控烟支持性信息环境亟需改善。
Objective To understand the information density of tobacco retail spots and smoking in major public places around the communities in Qingdao, Shandong Province, and provide basic data for the implementation of a total ban on smoking in public places in Qingdao. Methods Stratified systematic random sampling method was used to survey 932 tobacco retail outlets and 2 339 major public places (1) in 27 neighborhoods in four downtown districts of Shilan District, Shibei District, Sifang District and Licang District of Qingdao City 568 restaurants, 63 hospitals / community health service centers, 142 schools, 340 fitness places and 226 road sections) to conduct site surveys of location and tobacco control related information. Results The average density of tobacco retail outlets in urban area of Qingdao was 5.7 per 1,000 persons. Of the 932 tobacco retail outlets, 63.9% of retail outlets had a marked “This sales cigarette” logo, and 4.1% of retail outlets posted “Prohibit the sale of cigarettes to minors ” logo, retail sales of tobacco promotional ads and smoking warning signs of the ratio of 142: 1; Qingdao survey of restaurants, hospitals and schools, only 1.1% of the public places for smoke-free Units; 2.8% of public places posted the “no smoking” logo, 1.4% of public places found tobacco promotional ads, did not find “smoking health” and other health warning signs in public places. Conclusion The density of tobacco retail outlets in urban areas of Qingdao City is relatively high, advertisements for tobacco promotion are widespread, and warning messages about smoking in public places are lacking. Information support environment for tobacco control needs to be improved urgently.