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干旱指数是监测、预警、评估干旱的关键参数。将干旱指数用参考作物蒸发蒸腾量ET0与降水的比值来表示。根据泾惠渠灌区4个气象站近50年的气象资料,采用Penman-Monteith公式计算ET0,利用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法研究了降水、ET0及干旱指数的变化趋势,采用敏感系数法分析了干旱指数对气象因子的敏感性。结果表明:灌区ET0呈显著下降趋势,降水和干旱指数呈非显著下降趋势;灌区西北部趋于干旱,东南部趋于湿润,春秋两季趋于干旱,夏冬两季趋于湿润;干旱指数对降水最为敏感,其次为最高气温和水汽压。
The drought index is the key parameter for monitoring, warning and assessing the drought. The drought index is expressed as the ratio of ET0 to precipitation for the reference crop evapotranspiration. According to the meteorological data of 4 meteorological stations in Jinghuiqu irrigation area for nearly 50 years, ET0 was calculated by Penman-Monteith formula, and the trend of precipitation, ET0 and drought index were analyzed by Mann-Kendall trend test. The sensitivity was used to analyze the drought Index sensitivity to meteorological factors. The results showed that the ET0 of irrigation area showed a significant downward trend and the precipitation and drought index showed a non-significant decreasing trend. The northwest part of the irrigation area tended to be dry, the southeast part tended to be wet, the spring and autumn tended to be dry, and the summer and winter tended to be wet. Most sensitive to precipitation, followed by the highest temperature and vapor pressure.