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【目的】研究环塔里木盆地不同纬度带的骏枣适宜采收期,为新疆干旱区绿洲枣标准化高效栽培技术提供参考。【方法】以3龄骏枣为试材,研究采收期对枣果干物质积累、品质、失重率及落果情况的影响。【结果】(1)枣果干物质积累随采收期的延迟,而表现出先增加后停止的过程;(2)枣果失重率随采收期的延迟呈明显的递增趋势,但不同纬度带间有区别;(3)枣果的总糖含量和糖酸比,在10月5日时达最高值,其后呈降低趋势,而总酸含量则随采收期的延迟基本表现递增的现象;(4)除阿克苏市试点外,其它三个试点在自然落果率达25%左右时,其枣果干物质积累趋于停止。【结论】于田县试点及其相似区域,骏枣适宜采收期在10月15日左右,而阿克苏市、新和县试点及其相似区域,适宜采收期宜则在10月20日左右,同时,当骏枣成熟期的自然落果率达25%左右时,可以作为该区域枣果适宜采收期的参考指标之一。
【Objective】 The study aimed to study the suitable harvest period of Jujube in different latitudes of the Tarim Basin, and provide references for the standardized and efficient cultivation of jujube in arid area of Xinjiang. 【Method】 The jujube with 3-year-old was used as experimental material to study the effects of harvesting period on dry matter accumulation, quality, weight loss rate and fruit drop of jujube. 【Result】 (1) The dry matter accumulation of jujube increased with the delay of harvesting, but showed the first increase and then stopped. (2) The weight loss rate of jujube increased with the delay of harvesting. However, (3) The total sugar content and sugar-acid ratio of jujube reached the highest value on October 5, and then decreased, but the total acid content increased with the delay of harvest time ; (4) In addition to the pilot project of Aksu City, the dry matter accumulation of the jujube fruits of the other three pilots tends to stop when the rate of natural fruit drop reaches 25%. 【Conclusion】 The trial of Yutian County and its similar areas, Jujube suitable harvest period on October 15 or so, and Aksu City, Xinhe County pilot and its similar areas, the appropriate harvest period should be around October 20 At the same time, when the natural fruitsetting rate reached about 25% during mature period, it could be regarded as one of the reference indexes for the suitable harvest period of jujube in this area.