支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dyslasia,BPD)是早产儿最常见的并发症,在美国每年影响超过1万名婴儿。尽管最近新生儿护理取得了进步,BPD的发病率仍然上升。然而“新BPD”有别于1967年Northway等首次描述的以肺纤维化和瘢痕为特征的BPD。新BPD以肺泡发育简单化和肺血管发育不全或发育不良为特征~([1])。BPD危险因素包括机械通气、氧毒性、炎症以及 Bronchopulmonary dyslasia (BPD) is the most common complication of preterm birth and affects more than 10,000 infants in the United States each year. Despite recent advances in neonatal care, the incidence of BPD continues to rise. However, “new BPD” differs from BPD, first characterized by pulmonary fibrosis and scarring first described by Northway et al in 1967. The new BPD is characterized by a simplification of alveolar development and pulmonary vascular hypoplasia or dysplasia ~ ([1]). BPD risk factors include mechanical ventilation, oxygen toxicity, inflammation and