形而上质这一概念源自波兰美学家罗曼·英伽登(Roman Ingarden)的《文学的艺术作品》。在这部美学著作中,英伽登对文学作品的艺术结构进行了多层次的划分:字音层、意义层、图示化结构层和再现客体层(1)。在这四个基本层次之上,还有一个形而上质层。所谓的形而上质是指“不是客体的性质,也不是心态的特征,而是作为一种超乎于环境和事件 The metaphysical concept derives from the ”literary work of art“ by Polish esthetician Roman Ingarden. In this aesthetic book, Ingarden made a multi-level division of the artistic structure of literary works: phonetic level, meaning level, pictorial level and reappearing level (1). Above these four basic levels, there is also a metaphysical layer. The so-called metaphysical means that ”is not the object of nature, nor the characteristics of the mentality, but as a kind of environment and events beyond