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目的调查威海市不同城区6~13岁儿童肥胖症患病情况,分析儿童肥胖的危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取3个不同的城区,再从每个城区中随机抽取1所小学,每所小学每个年级随机选择1个班级,共计3所小学,18个班级的757名小儿童做为研究对象,调查人口学基本情况、饮食行为及习惯、身体活动等内容。采用SPSS17.0统计软件包进行统计学分析,率的比较用χ~2检验,用多因素logistic回归分析研究儿童肥胖的危险因素,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果儿童肥胖率为10.70%,其中男童肥胖症患病率高于女童(χ~2=6.53,P<0.05);不同年龄组患病率不同,年龄越低患病率越高(χ~2=14.36,P<0.05);不同上学方式儿童肥胖患病率不同(χ~2=28.93,P<0.05),不吃早餐的儿童肥胖症患病率高于吃早餐者(χ~2=40.01,P<0.05),吃快餐者不同频次的儿童肥胖症患病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.32,P>0.05);吃甜食多的儿童肥胖患病率高于很少吃甜食者(χ~2=9.08,P<0.05),晚饭后很少运动的儿童肥胖症患病率高于晚饭后运动较多的儿童(χ~2=14.71,P<0.05),经常看电视的儿童肥胖患病率高于很少看电视的儿童(χ~2=70.33,P<0.05)。结论威海市儿童肥胖症患病率较高,城区、性别、年龄、上学方式、吃早餐、快餐、甜食的习惯、晚饭后运动、看电视是儿童肥胖症发病的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of obesity in children aged 6 ~ 13 in different urban districts of Weihai and to analyze the risk factors of childhood obesity. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select three different urban areas. One elementary school was randomly selected from each urban area. One grade was randomly selected for each grade in each primary school, for a total of 3 primary schools and 75 classes for 18 classes Small children as the research object, the survey of basic demography, diet and habits, physical activity and so on. SPSS17.0 statistical software package for statistical analysis, the rate of comparison with χ ~ 2 test, using multivariate logistic regression analysis of childhood obesity risk factors, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The prevalence of obesity among boys was 10.70%, and the prevalence of obesity in boys was higher than that of girls (χ ~ 2 = 6.53, P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity in different age groups was lower, 2 = 14.36, P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity among children who did not eat breakfast was higher than that of children who ate breakfast (χ ~ 2 = 40.01, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity in children with different frequency of eating fast food (χ ~ 2 = 0.32, P> 0.05) (Χ ~ 2 = 9.08, P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity in children who rarely exercise after dinner was significantly higher than that in children who had more exercise after dinner (χ ~ 2 = 14.71, P <0.05) Children with obesity had a higher prevalence of obesity than those who seldom watched TV (χ ~ 2 = 70.33, P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of childhood obesity is high in Weihai City. The prevalence of obesity in urban areas, sex, age, schooling, eating breakfast, fast food and sweets, exercising after dinner and watching TV are the risk factors for childhood obesity.