许多美国政治家和学者认为,美国巨大的经常项目赤字是亚洲经济,尤其是中国经济盈余导致的。他们常常抱怨,中国被低估的人民币币值和不公平的廉价劳动力,毁掉了美国的竞争力。事实上,从国际视角看,经常项目盈余最大的国家不再是亚洲国家,而是那些石油出口国。油价高企让石油出口国大赚了一笔。今年,这些国家的石油出口收入总计达7000亿美元。这不仅包括石油输出国组织成员,还包括石油出口量居第二、三位的俄罗斯和挪威。国际货币基金组织估计,石油出口国的经常 Many U.S. politicians and scholars believe that the huge current account deficit in the United States is caused by the Asian economy, especially the Chinese economy. They often complain that China’s undervalued yuan and unfair cheap labor have destroyed the competitiveness of the United States. In fact, from an international perspective, the countries with the largest current account surpluses are no longer Asian countries, but those that are oil-exporting countries. High oil prices made a big oil exporters a country. This year, the oil export revenues of these countries totaled 700 billion U.S. dollars. This includes not only members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries but also Russia and Norway, which have the second and third largest oil exports. International Monetary Fund estimates that oil exporters often