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由于“大跃进”造成了国民经济比例的严重失调及人民生活的严重困难,从1961年起,中央便开始了对国民经济的调整。经过五年调整,虽然没有从根本上纠正“左”的指导思想,但也取得了较大成绩。调整可以说是从1960年七八月间中央的北戴河会议开始的。会上李富春首先提出要按“调整、巩固、提高”的精神来安排1961年经济计划的建议。之后,周恩来又在“调整、巩固”之后加了“充实”二字。1961年1月,党的八届九中全会正式通过了从1961年起对国民经济进行调整的决议,并确定了“调整、巩固、充实、提高”的“八字方针”,全会公报说:“全国必须集中力量加强农业
Since the “Great Leap Forward” has caused serious imbalances in the national economy and serious difficulties for the people’s livelihood, the Central Government began to readjust the national economy since 1961. After five years of adjustment, great achievements have been made although the guiding ideology of “leftist” has not been fundamentally corrected. It can be said that the adjustment started from the Central Beidaihe Conference in July and August 1960. At the meeting, Li Fuchun first proposed that the 1961 economic plan should be arranged in the spirit of “adjustment, consolidation and improvement.” After that, Zhou Enlai added “enrichment” after “adjustment and consolidation”. In January 1961, the 9th Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Party officially passed the resolution on the adjustment of the national economy from 1961 and determined the “eight-character principle” of “readjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement”. The plenary communique said: The whole country must focus on strengthening agriculture