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未愈出院与儿童疾病治疗目的相侼。既往研究表明，未愈出院新生儿中极早产、窒息、先天畸形等患儿比例较高，提示新生儿专业的可持续发展需要与产科、新生儿外科、影像科等相关学科的合作及共同发展，达到减少未愈出院率的目标。该文结合国内外研究现状，对新生儿未愈出院的原因及减少未愈出院的对策等方面进行综述，为有效减少NICU未愈出院率，提高危重新生儿救治水平，提升医院的综合效益提供理论依据。“,”Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) conlficts with the purpose of disease treatment in children. Some research has shown that there are high proportions of extremely preterm infants and infants with asphyxia or congenital malformation in neonates with DAMA. This suggests that the sustainable development of neonatology needs cooperation and co-development with obstetrics, neonatal surgery, and radiology to reduce the rate of DAMA. With reference to the current status of research in both China and other countries, this article reviews the causes for DAMA and the strategies for reducing the rate of DAMA, in order to provide a theoretical basis for effectively reducing the rate of DAMA from the neonatal intensive care unit, improving treatment outcomes of the neonates, and increasing hospitals’ comprehensive beneifts.