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新闻传播是本着以客观事实为根据的信息传播。只要是客观存在的事实,或者是可以预测的将要发生的新闻事实,都能进入到媒体的观照视域,并告知受众。一般而言,“焦灼”之境之于媒体,不外乎三种状况:其一是客观事实的已知性与其不宜公开性的困境;其二是客观事实的不确定性与媒体报道和公众欲知的两难之境;其三是媒体对新闻事实的变动期望与新闻事实的变动态势不相一致的矛盾。从此次美国大选来看,美媒体的“焦灼”原因显而易见的在于后二者。
News dissemination is based on objective facts as the basis of information dissemination. As long as it is an objective reality or a predictable news fact that is about to occur, it can enter the media’s perspective and inform the audience. Generally speaking, “anxious ” in the media, nothing more than three conditions: one is the fact that the objective facts and its unpublicized predicament; the other is the uncertainty of objective facts and the media coverage and Public dilemma for the public to understand; the third is the media’s expectations of changes in the facts of the news and news changes in fact inconsistent inconsistencies. From the point of view of the U.S. presidential election, the reason for the “anxiety” of the U.S. media is obviously the latter two.