最近几十年来,在竞争加剧的条件下,发达资本主义国家中生产力的增长和生产科学技术水平的提高,对劳动力的技术水平提出了更高的要求。因而,在加速培养技能熟练的专家的同时,居民的一般教育文化水平也提高了。例如,美国受高等教育的人数占在业总人数的比重,已从1959年的10%提高到1974年的15.5%,估计,到八十年代中期,这一指标将达到 In recent decades, under the conditions of intensified competition, the growth of productive forces and the improvement of science and technology in developed capitalist countries have placed higher demands on the technological level of the labor force. Thus, while accelerating the training of skilled experts, the general level of educational literacy of residents has also risen. For example, the share of higher education in the United States as a share of total employment has risen from 10% in 1959 to 15.5% in 1974. It is estimated that by the mid-1980s this target will be reached