人类学一直在运用民族学研究方法从事本学科的研究。到目前为止,这一方法可以概括为基于进化论与生物学两门学科所存在的内在脆弱性的假设,即,一是社会进化论者注重于“文明”与“原始”之概念以质的(定性的)、按等级划分的理论;一是种族主义观念至上的生物行为理论。然而,这种假设是站不住脚的。本文试从文化人类学的视觉对民族问题予以考究,拟重新调整学科的理论构建,建立民族学研究之新体系。 Anthropology has been using ethnographic research methods in this discipline. So far, this approach can be summarized as an assumption based on the inherent vulnerability of the two disciplines of evolutionism and biology, namely, the idea that social evolutionists focus on the concepts of “civilized” and “primitive” Qualitative (qualitative), according to the theory of hierarchy; one is the theory of biological behavior of supremacy of racism. However, this assumption is untenable. This paper tries to study ethnic issues from the perspective of cultural anthropology, and proposes to re-adjust the theoretical construction of disciplines and establish a new system of ethnological research.